Decreasing Teen Pregnancy Essay example - 928 Words

Decreasing Teen Pregnancy Decreasing teen pregnancy has been a constant battle for the United States in the past few years. America has the highest teen pregnancy rate in the western part of the world despite not being the leader in sexually active teenagers. The main problem is that here in the United States we do not educate our children enough on having safe sex. Our children end up learning on their own and eventually end up having a child from the lack of knowledge they have. They also take away from their own lives, because a child raising a child is a big task for anyone to take on. The best way for teenagers to decrease the rate in pregnancy is to practice abstinence. It helps control the birth rates and stops the†¦show more content†¦There are other ways to help prevent teen pregnancy. One is birth control; it can be taken in a pill form everyday or by an injection every 90 days. The only thing about this is that it is not 100% effective. There is still a chance a young female could be getting the injections and still become pregnant. In addition, if an injection is missed and her body starts producing eggs it doubles her chance of getting pregnant. The next option that is 100% fool proof is called surgical sterilization. This process will block the sperm duct in men and the fallopian tubes in women. As a teenager who would really want to go to this extreme being that young, or better yet what parent would put their child in that situation. The most common tool used to decrease teen pregnancy is the condom. It is easily available and anyone can buy them. The down side to these and is a cause of teen pregnancy is the improper use of the condom or the condom breaking during intercourse. This is one of the main causes of unplanned teen pregnancies. There are also many groups to help prevent teen pregnancies and decrease the rates. These groups can start within our childrens schools or be provided to them by a local, state, or federal organization. These organizations will provide a young teenager with skills on how to avoid peer pressure and make them aware that sex should be put off until marriage or at least until they can afford to have aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Is Teen Pregnancy a Problem?1044 Words   |  5 PagesHow many pregnant teens have there been? Over the years more girls are becoming teen moms. In Oklahoma teen pregnancy has become a problem. Recently Oklahoma has had a pregnancy rate of 47.5% (Tulsa World). Not only is it an issue in Oklahoma but an issue in the United States as a whole. The lack of awareness a nd how to prevent pregnancy is a reason to blame for the increasing numbers. The more we don’t make people aware of the increasing teen pregnancy rate and how to prevent then the numbers willRead MoreTeen Pregnancy and Graduation Rates1175 Words   |  5 Pages Teen pregnancy is surprisingly decreasing over the years. According to Farber, â€Å"the most recent studies have shown that there has been a decrease in the rate of pregnancies among all teenagers and among sexually active teenagers (16). Although this issue seems is decreasing this is still a problem faced by many teenage girls today. Each year, 7.5 percent of all 15-19 year old women become pregnant (Maynard 1). Not only does this issue affects the pregnant teen but it also affects the economy. TeenRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy And Teen Pregnancy Essay1611 Words   |  7 Pages Teen Pregnancy Meshia Williams Just because teenage pregnancy has decreased does not mean the problem is solved. Nearly all teenage pregnancies are unplanned. Teen mothers are nearly twice as likely to forgo prenatal care in the first trimester. This sets up complications along with health problems, costs, responsible fatherhood, education, and risky behavior. Babies are having babies before they’re even fully developed themselves; the environment, and media along with other things are all factorsRead MoreTaking a Look at Teen Pregnancy1197 Words   |  5 PagesEighty-nine percent of these births occurred outside of marriage. The 2012 teen birth rate shows a decline of six percent from 2011 when the birth rate was 31.3 per 1,000 girls. The teen birth rate has declined pretty steadily over the past 20 years. In 1991, the teen birth rate in the U.S. was 61.8 births for every 1,000 teenage girls, compared with 29.4 births for every 1,000 females in 2012 that’s pretty good. The U.S. teen birth rate is s till higher than that of many other developed countries, includingRead MoreTeenage Pregnancy Is A Big Topic On Today s Society861 Words   |  4 PagesTeenage pregnancy is a big topic in today’s society. Teens are criticized with negative comments about having a baby at a young age. There have been teens as young as ten years old that has been pregnant. A lot of teenage pregnancies are not planned but happen because of lack of knowledge about sex. There is anyways to prevent the negative comments and young pregnancies. Parents have to understand their children are not always going to be babies. They are going to become curious about their bodiesRead MoreControlling the Issue of Teen Pregnancy635 Words   |  3 PagesTeen pregnancy is a problem that is plaguing the U.S., as well as other countries. This social problem affects teens of every ethnic and economic background. Before we discuss what some organizations are doing to help, let’s look at some of statistics sur rounding teen pregnancy. Even though this is a serious problem, the good news is that teen birth rates in the United States have dropped almost continuously since the early 1990s — including a six percent drop from 2011 to 2012 — further decreasingRead MoreTeen Pregnancy973 Words   |  4 PagesTeen Pregnancy Speech Teen pregnancy rates sky rocket every year. 560,000 teenage girls give birth each year. One sixth of all United States births are to teenage girls. Teen pregnancy rates are soaring and many teenage girls are impacted negatively because they are unable to fulfill the many responsibilities such as education and financial needs. Something needs to be done to decrease the teen pregnancy rates. None of you will argue that teen pregnancy rates aren’t high. And all agree somethingRead MoreThe Negative Effects Of Teen Pregnancy1242 Words   |  5 PagesTeen Pregnancy Teen pregnancy affects the entire family, not only does it cause emotional distress to the teen, but also the teens parents. Along with this, many teens rely on the state through food stamps, medical care, and financial aid to help raise their child. Family members watch the young mother struggle to make ends meet and often have to step in and help raise the child. Teen moms often have no support from the father or the fathers family and must raise the child entirely on their ownRead MoreThe Dilemma of a Pregnant Teenage In the world of today, one of the most predominant controversies,1000 Words   |  4 Pagesdecades is ‘Teenage Pregnancy’. Teenage pregnancy, affects different aspects of life, the newborn, mother and family of the teenagers involved. Few people believe that the society should be reprimanded. But I believe the society, should not take all the blame. In spite of societal blames, teens having unprotected/protected sex and getting pregnant are personal decisions. There is just a little that any society can do to avert such activities. In today’s world teenage pregnancy could be precluded andRead MoreContraception And Safe Sex Education Essay1152 Words   |  5 Pages Hall 4). The logic behind such practices is to prevent teenagers from engaging in intercourse and to decrease the rate of teen pregnancies. The curriculum of abstinence only programs stresses that teenagers should not engage in intercourse since that is the only way to guarantee one will not get pregna nt. Information about contraceptives and safe sex to prevent pregnancies and the spread of STDs is not mentioned, and in fact is against those 21 states’ laws regarding use of funds to discuss in the

Decision Making Process For The Cleaning Supply Organization

Sales in my department have fallen significantly in the last 3 months. It is time to address this issue head on and re-prioritize our decision making process to help improve sales. Listed below is a decision making model that will help the cleaning supply organization prioritize short and long term goals. This may seem like an ambitious process, but it is crucial to stop the negative sales trend. I believe many of these plans will prove beneficial to our team in the future. Decision making process for the cleaning supply organization 1) Define a short term sales strategy to stabilize the business. 2) Hire an outside agency to collect information and conduct customer satisfaction surveys for product insight. 3) Layout all options for future growth from data collected. 4) Make a decision on long term sales strategy, reducing jobs, and future investments in new supplies to improve profitability. 5) After implementing strategic plans, evaluate, follow-up and change or alter strategy as business demands. This model is clear and concise; as should be the decisions we make to turn our business around. The decisions made will in some instances be difficult, but necessary. Since it is good principle not to make decisions in the absence of critically important information that is not immediately at hand (Adair, 2013), we should ensure all sales figures and business facts are present before making decisions. 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It has the capability to efficiently plan, monitor and manage HR expenses; achieve business targets and control qualities in HR planning; and improve staff and managerial decisions and actions. It can include the following features and functions: †¢ Organization chart (Create and enhance the organizational structure and chart including all the key personnel) †¢ Employee updatingRead MoreSupply Chain Management Of Supply Chains1188 Words   |  5 Pagesin the supply chain, not just a simple competition between enterprises. In order to win the competition in the supply chain, which means it must be through the management of the supply chain. Currently supply chains become more integrated, more global, the high-speed development of information technology has become an important driving force. In this report will explore the development of supply chain management technologies and important role. 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An organization inventory includes ordering, storing, and managing supplies needed to help the organization function efficiently. Improperly managing an organizations inventory can affect the organization profit, loss, and ability to operate. Rafferty’s Restaurant is an organization in which team C will research its inventory system. Team C will describe the Rafferty’s organization, inventory problems it faces, and expected benefits motivating the organization to implement a solutionRead MoreW Design Proposal852 Words   |  4 Pages †¢ Require environmental sustainability and waste reduction in both the construction and operation of the highway loop, welcome center, and rest stops. †¢ Develop an outreach plan to keep the local community stakeholders involved in the decision-making process throughout the lifecycle of the project. WBS Elements - Target groups One of the goals of this project is to have inclusive target groups, consisting of minorities, either based on gender, race, special needs, veterans, women – owned businesses

Reflection on “The Children’s March” Free Essays

As I watched the video entitled, â€Å"The Children’s March†, I just sat with mouth open as I watched the absolute dedication and passion for a cause. The kids decided to pick up the cause when the adults sat and did nothing in an effort to put an end to segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. As a teacher who strives to make multicultural education a daily routine within the classroom, I really think about how a unit in civil rights would be of huge benefit to kids in the 2nd and 3rd grades. We will write a custom essay sample on Reflection on â€Å"The Children’s March† or any similar topic only for you Order Now This age to me is an age where they still have some of their usual belief that there is inherent good in everyone. It, unfortunately, is also an age where many students witness or experience racism on different level, whether it is towards a relative, or towards themselves. I think about the absolute power and solidarity that kids can find in watching a video like this as part of a civil rights unit and how it can often bring solidarity and belief in whats right to a classroom. I have personally seen this in a 3rd grade classroom that my son was in 2 years ago and it served to jump-start a belief within the classroom that â€Å"we are all in this together†. It really made for a cohesive and caring classroom atmosphere and the 3rd graders really seemed to understand the true dynamics of the civil rights movement. Some very endearing conversations were had between my son and his parents and to this day, his understanding of racism and the civil rights movement is an understanding of equality and concern that it could happen again. As a Jew, he is even more in tune with this so has mad a connection between this movement and the Statement, â€Å"Never Again† as was uttered by millions of Jews before they were killed in the German gas chambers. One of the things that strikes me as an educator is a similarity in what the kids did in Birmingham, and the approach that I believe will have to happen in order to create truly multicultural classrooms. First and foremost, too many of our educators that have been teaching for a long time are not prepared for change in the classroom. In our staff developments, more attention needs to be paid to having a truly inclusive multiculturally diverse classroom. Secondly, we are going to have to learn from our students. They come to us each year with a wealth of experiences and beliefs. It is our job as educators to figure out how to best make that unique characteristic a part of our diverse learning community within the classroom. If our kids are so accepting of each other and the similarities and differences that we all bring into the school, then we as educators need to realize that creates an initial bond within our classroom that is hard to break. Just as our parents disliked having people of color, or people with different sexual preferences around, our children today are growing up with that reality and they really don’t think anything of it! Being in a class with kids of different ethnic backgrounds is part of the unique tapestry of that class. Ultimately, having a classroom where multicultural diversity is our responsibility as educators. There will always be stumbling blocks that try to derail that effort, but as our kids overcome those barriers, so shall we as teachers. Let the kids help us understand that we’re really no so different and that all any kid wants to do is learn and be accepted for who they are†¦.. a kid! How to cite Reflection on â€Å"The Children’s March†, Papers

Energy Storage In concentrated Solar Power †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Energy Storage In concentrated Solar Power (Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association). Answer: Research Problem: CSP or Concentrated Solar Power plant is a form of RE generation. Here, solar radiations fall on a broad area extending to thousands of square meters. At present Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, pioneering solar projects have expressed strong support for their sustainable future. SASIA or Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association is a non-governmental organization which is dedicated to helping Saudi Arabia to gain huge solar potential [4]. Here lies the current research problem where a development of substantial energy capacity is needed that must be supported by various international level industries. Research necessity: As per as human development paradigm production of energy at Saudi Arabian deserts has been unable to rely on predicted advantages from various future export revenues. This is to gain impacts of development in that region. However, it has been needed to be compared to country-specific tailored, more prominent strategies [6]. Through applying the idea of capacity to create results of sustainable development, the current research sets to tackle research problem. Scientific gap: An important field of scientific research has been considering potential benefit creation under a dimension of socio-economic research. This has been ranging from possible job creation, value chain creation and local manufacturing potentials against complex analysis of development effects. This extension has been towards strategic analysis of sustainability criteria and impacts on sustainable human developments, human right access and impact on livelihoods [5]. Further, from a more theoretical perspective, the problem is high needed to be highly researched from feasibility and natural science based angle. Lack of knowledge: This is seen from the prism of risk perception, security challenges and international relations. Through focusing on institutional frameworks in Middle Eastern countries, there are windows of opportunities to develop security via regional cooperation for renewable energy [1]. However, considering European point of view, there have been risks regarding security an arising from changing four import dependencies from Saudis common resources to solar renewable resources. Research objective: The objective of this current research is analyzed below. To elaborate comprehensive set of capacity aspects configuring Saudis capacity in maximizing their sustainable benefits of human development both in global and local level. The research needs to generate knowledge on the development process for CSP projects and intends to supply viable input for different policy planners and makers. Importance of research: A transition from energy production from fuel based to a renewable-based production of energy production is of utmost importance at Saudi Arabia in the face of current global climate change. Further, Saudis economy needs to reach out due to the predicted rising energy demand, to adopt alternative paths for securing further energy supply. For preparing facilitation of Saudis energy partnership by CSP technology, it is essential to apply state of the art scientific framework. This must assist projects to avoid several popular pitfalls. This must include exclusive planning processes and profit distribution in a unidirectional path. Moreover, the significance of this research has been to expand knowledge-base on the social dimension of the idea to generate renewable energy in Saudis desert. Besides, suggestions are needed to be provided by various established findings contributing to code for best practice or set of sustainability criteria towards individual projects. Literature review: Considering the significance of oil storage at Saudi, the interest was seen to start from the early 1960s. This inception has been considered as the first solar-powered hydrogen generation plant. 1970s showed the beginning of significant research and development efforts through finding two important international joint research and development programs collaborating with USA and Germany. Programs like SOLERAS and HYSOLAR has turned into a vital starting point for CSP project in Saudi Arabia. Parrado et al. et al. reviewed that the progress of renewable energy that has deemed the nation a frontrunner by RD to renewable energy sources particularly solar energy [1]. Various efforts taken by Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association along with organizations such as Energy Research Institute ERI and BP Solar Arabia Ltd with governmental initiatives have been aimed to increase public awareness on climate change and environmental issues. Papaelias et al. demonstrated the story when in the year 2010, a government established the King Abdullah City regarding KACARE or Atomic and Renewable Energy [2]. They were given the role in developing renewable and atomic energy program in the country and had been working to enhance renewable and atomic energy programs. It has been still active with the renewable energy. Oil and oil rent or income has been transformed and shaped to a large degree at Saudi State and their political and economic system. Dunham and Iverson discusses an acknowledged and popular strand of a theory known as Rentier State Theory [9]. It can explain the way how oil is developed particular features in a relationship between state and society. This indicates the social contract under the nature of a political system of Saudi Arabia as a perfect example. This theory predicts that oil rent is utilized by a state to buy off people. Hence state needs political stability and acquiescence against the distribution of oil rents. Concentrated solar power has been highly attractive as a panacea-like package solution. This potentially resolves development, water energy and climate problems at a glance with pre-condition of market setup. Firstly, there is an argument as shown by Fornarelli et al. on climate change [10]. They state that as per as future energy supply security is concerned it is the primary advantage resulting from the reality that system can remain unchanged. The reason is that CSP has been delivering energy supply which is dispatchable. Similar to traditional power stations, CSP plants can supply balancing power or base-load. This has been directly utilizing sunshine during day-time. They have been using thermal energy storage facilities at night. However, in the case when there is a more extended period without sunshine, using of biomass or fossil fuel can be used as a backup of a heat source. According to Prieto et al. the cheapest method for storing solar energy for many hours found in more places across Saudi is in thermal energy storage [11]. This research is vital as energy storage is the gateway towards the renewable energy-powered environment. Like a thermal form of solar energy, CSP is appropriately suitable to store solar thermally. The main difference is that within CSP the stored fuel from the sun is reusable. . Kberle, Gernaat and Vuuren shows that unlike cavern-full or pile of natural gas, the salts of heat storing utilized in solar thermal storage could be recycled daily under a tank like this for many decades [12]. Research methodology and procedures: Method identification: For the current case study of energy storage in concentrated solar power, a desk study is to be conducted including a field study and qualitative interview. Employees of Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association (SASIA) are to be questioned along with various other popular and prominent person of Saudi. It must be reminded that Gulf countries, especially Saudi Arabia are always a challenging environment for the foreign researchers who have been studying various government policies [15]. Moreover, they have been seeking access to various practitioners and politicians. The current research can be compared to their previous researches. Form there is derived that more senior and well-connected researchers have faced various obstacles to gain access to different relevant interviewees. Procedural steps: The steps are demonstrated below. Deciding questions This must be manageable, specific and clear. Choosing qualitative research methodology For the current case, action research is selected. It focuses on solving immediate issues working with others to resolve problems and point out specific issues [16]. Data collection Here structured interviews must be conducted using pre-set questions. In this qualitative interview, the data should be collected by interviewing employees of Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association (SASIA), prominent members of Saudis royal families, elite members and government officials. This can be done over internet, phone or in small groups or focus groups. Analyzing data For the present research descriptive statistics must be used data is to be summarized to highlight patterns [19]. Research limitations: One main concern for the current study is the constantly changing political condition. Another topic crystallizing is related to a political climate like nepotism, elitism and favouritism. Further, lack of expertise on the side of Saudi Arabias institutional context has been focusing on the planning of solar power plant, deployment and assessment and procedural forthcoming showing heavy dependency on foreign expertise. Moreover, the research never covers the aspects like intermittency, low energy density and expense of CSP than PV. Further, CSP is relatively a new involved technology and hard to compete against very cheap natural gas. Also, the research does not consider pollution created by the manufacturing process and location dependency feature of CSP. Further, the study needed to include the fact that CSP is found to unattractive for many people. Moreover, success deployment of CSP can consist of notable transmission losses or distances. Study overall structure: A rationale for renewable energy in Saudi Arabia: Domestic energy demand: Climate change, water scarcity and desalination as an entry point Wind and solar Disadvantages Choosing economy or sustainability Previous renewable energy developments at Saudi Arabia A political system in Saudi Arabia An analysis of multi-level perspective of renewable energy policies at Saudi Arabia Political systems Landscape-level factors Regime-level factors: Technological regime Market and user regime Socio-cultural regime Policy regime: Transregional and Regime-level governance structures Niche level factors Science regime: RD and industry structures, technology transfer strategies The proposed timeline for the overall execution of the study must initially determine when it must begin and end. Then the specific stages of the research or piloting the main research are to be estimated. Next, adequate time is to sort out to screen the interviews. Next, it is to be analyzed whether the timetable has been realistic along with determining of influence from deadlines or constraints. Expected findings: The probable findings from the above research are: Fresnel concentrators and parabolic trough are exploited commercially. Cheaper methods of manufacturing for mirrors and structures lead to more cost-effective plants. Since CSP plans get assembled in many ways, the research on new ideas of plants or prototypes has been covering a broad range of possibilities. References: Saudi Arabia Solar Industry Association (SASIA) website - WordStreamCopy",WordStreamCopy, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://wordstreamcopy.com/saudi-arabia-solar-industry-association-sasia-website/. [Accessed: 26- Mar- 2018]. Parrado, A. Girard, F. Simon and E. Fuentealba, "2050 LCOE (Levelized Cost of Energy)projection for a hybrid PV (photovoltaic)-CSP (concentrated solar power) plant in the Atacama Desert, Chile", 2018. M. Papaelias, L. Cheng, M. Kogia, A. Mohimi, V. Kappatos, C. Selcuk, L. Constantinou, C. Muoz, F. Marquez and T. Gan, "Inspection and Structural Health Monitoring techniques for Concentrated Solar Power plants", 2018. M. Dunham and B. Iverson, "High-efficiency thermodynamic power cycles for concentrated solar power systems", 2018. F. Fornarelli, S. Camporeale, B. Fortunato, M. Torresi, P. Oresta, L. Magliocchetti, A. Miliozzi and G. Santo, "CFD analysis of melting process in a shell-and-tube latent heat storage for concentrated solar power plants", 2018. C. Prieto, P. Cooper, A. Fernndez and L. Cabeza, "Review of technology: Thermochemical energy storage for concentrated solar power plants", 2018. A. Kberle, D. Gernaat and D. van Vuuren, "Assessing current and future techno-economic potential of concentrated solar power and photovoltaic electricity generation", 2018. W. Fuqiang, C. Ziming, T. Jianyu, Y. Yuan, S. Yong and L. Linhua, "Progress in concentrated solar power technology with parabolic trough collector system: A comprehensive review", 2018. R. Chacartegui, A. Alovisio, C. Ortiz, J. Valverde, V. Verda and J. Becerra, "Thermochemical energy storage of concentrated solar power by integration of the calcium looping process and a CO 2 power cycle", 2018. B. Xu, P. Li and C. Chan, "Application of phase change materials for thermal energy storage in concentrated solar thermal power plants: A review to recent developments", 2018. S. Bonke, M. Wiechen, D. MacFarlane and L. Spiccia, "Renewable fuels from concentrated solar power: towards practical artificial photosynthesis", 2018. F. Cavallaro, E. Zavadskas and D. Streimikiene, "Concentrated solar power (CSP) hybridized systems. Ranking based on an intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria algorithm", 2018. Y. Zhang, Y. Cai, S. Hwang, G. Wilk, F. DeAngelis, A. Henry and K. Sandhage, "Containment materials for liquid tin at 1350?C as a heat transfer fluid for high temperature concentrated solar power", 2018. "Solarplaza Saudi Arabia offers one of worlds lowest solar energy costs",Solarplaza.com, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.solarplaza.com/channels/archive/11204/saudi-arabia-offers-one-of-worlds-lowest-solar-ene/. [Accessed: 26- Mar- 2018]. "Saudi Arabia Solar",Solar GCC, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://www.solargcc.com/saudi-arabia-solar/. [Accessed: 26- Mar- 2018]. W. Zhao, D. France, W. Yu, T. Kim and D. Singh, "Phase change material with graphite foam for applications in high-temperature latent heat storage systems of concentrated solar power plants", 2018. N. Lorenzin and A. Abnades, "A review on the application of liquid metals as heat transfer fluid in Concentrated Solar Power technologies", 2018. I. Bendato, L. Cassettari, M. Mosca and R. Mosca, "Stochastic techno-economic assessment based on Monte Carlo simulation and the Response Surface Methodology: The case of an innovative linear Fresnel CSP (concentrated solar power) system", 2018. G. Karagiannakis, C. Pagkoura, E. Halevas, P. Baltzopoulou and A. Konstandopoulos, "Cobalt/cobaltous oxide based honeycombs for thermochemical heat storage in future concentrated solar power installations: Multi-cyclic assessment and semi-quantitative heat effects estimations", 2018. CSP Today speaks with SASIA about the future of Solar Energy in the Middle East | capacity4dev.eu",Europa.eu, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://europa.eu/capacity4dev/euei/blog/csp-today-speaks-sasia-about-future-solar-energy-middle-east. [Accessed: 26- Mar- 2018].

The Necessary Upgrading of Women On the Social Scale an Example of the Topic History Essays by

The Necessary Upgrading of Women On the Social Scale Cultures and societies are born out of a collective adherence to similar traditions, values, and beliefs. Gender, in this context, has long endured stereotyping and expectations, depending on the ideologies of particular societies and their cultures. The role of women in many of these worldwide has been subject to argument and debate, and its evolution has caused various changes in a societys set of demographics and psychographics. While women have been enjoying superior status in many tribal and ethnic communities, their function and perceived value in many modern societies have been disparate and inconsistent. Developed countries such as the UK and the United Need essay sample on "The Necessary Upgrading of Women On the Social Scale" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed States have spearheaded the recognition of the womans role, and is evidenced by the significant contributions of women in these societies. From business owners to educators, from popular culture icons to heads of statewomen have continuously and consistently influenced society, which exemplifies the existence of gender equality. And this is the true mark of modernity, one that allows full participation of all its members. II. Women and Education In a letter written in 1820 by writer and activist Frances Wright (in Rossi, 1973), she stated that in America much is certainly done to ameliorate the condition of women, and as their education shall become, more and more, the concern of the state, their character may aspire in each succeeding generation to a higher standard. Clearly, Americaas well as other countries of the same levelhad long seen the value of women, and intended for them to contribute significantly in the countrys future. Education is a prime instrument for effecting transformation, and the opportunity made available for women to claim it was the veritable trigger for greater achievements. The less constrained views of modern cultures find validity in providing women with the means to function at par with men, and this has resulted in definite milestones in history. Maria Montessori, M. Carey Thomas, Anne Sullivan Macy, and Inez Beverly Prosser are just some of the women who are acknowledged as pioneers in educati on (About.com, 2008). III, Women and Economics The contribution of women to a societys economy is no longer deemed insignificant or mundane; this contrasts to early historical regard of the economic status of the human race, which was primarily attributed to males, with the participation of women fully dependent on whatever men dictate (Gilman, 1898). At present, women are placed in important positions that affect world economy, many of them holding power much greater than their male counterparts. This is so because women are striving for a greater share of better jobs, trying to break out of the ghetto of traditional womens occupations (Bergmann, 1986). Some of the greatest and popular women in business are legendary in their own right, such as Oprah Winfrey and Gina Rinehart, who have broken the barriers of male-dominated fields to become business leaders with visions different from men. The undeniable contributions of these women to society are as iconic as their sources, and were done through styles and strategies that transc end gender. IV. Women and Politics Women have come along way from when government and politics, as well as the right to vote were solely in the hands of men, and considered improper for women (Addams, 1907). The traditional male role of decision-maker, ruler, and king, has mostly been essayed by those assigned to the task in similar manner; the occurrence of wars and the obsessive guarding of territory are arguably results of the typical male psyche. On the other hand, the reign of female heads have produced a different set of circumstances, as proven by the achievements of Margaret Thatcher, Condoleeza Rice, Hillary Clinton, and, quite possibly, Sarah Palin. Whether ideal or critical, the changes effected by these women, brought upon by their pronounced differences from men with regard to style, have forever changed the landscape of global politics and government. However arguable the cases of these women may be, these form the fact that women can excel in politics and governance is already accepted in todays society. The potential for women to measure up to not just men, but to those who had come before them, is now given the attention it deserves; institutions such as the Women s political process, as well as facilitate research to enhance the understanding of specific challenges women face in politics and government (Women & Politics Institute, 2008). V. Women and Family A societys basic unit is the family, which, in turn, functions as an integral part of a community or society. However, its origins still come from a male-centric ideology that define family as the collective property of personsincluding the wife, children, and slavesbelonging to one man (Engels, 1942). Despite these definitions, it is of general knowledge that while the man may be the head of a family, the woman is the heart of each. Indeed, the role of women as the tie that binds families together has remained unchanged by progress and technology. Even as the woman is given more significant places in areas that used to be helmed by men, she generally still fulfills the functions she has within the family. Partly expectation and partly by nature, the reality of a woman as mother keeps bringing her back to the basics of caring and nurturing. Family and motherhood are probably the fields where the womans role has not evolved as much as in othersonly in nature and intent, and not in the patriarchal way of keeping familybecause the goals of rearing children and maintaining a home are still on the to-do lists of the most successful women leaders. Such is the case since the formation and development of children as responsible citizens of a country are set within the realm of a mothers responsibilities. VI. Conclusion The question regarding the extent to which one agrees to the negative effects of womens increasing rank in society had been introduced at the beginning, and the most logical answer had also been given straightaway. This is because the query had seemed more like a topic for debate, rather than an actual pondering that needed a real solutionfor who would not be aware of the contributions put forth by women? To even entertain thoughts of negativity or harm in this context is to be considered preposterous. But to comply with the rules of argument, several evidences had been named to prove the thesis of womens past and present influences on society, and how the latter clearly credits much of its growth to women. The presence of women in education, business, and government, as well as their classic role in the family, are but a few of the evidences that point to the benefits a society enjoys because of the female power. However, the truth is not to be denied: to this day, though at a much smaller rate, men still significantly control much of societys comings and goings. But they have never experienced competition as staunch as the women of today, whose efforts at seeing the world differently should guarantee them a place in history. References About.com (2008). Women Teachers and Educators. Womens History. Retrieved on 17 October 2008 from https://www.thoughtco.com/womens-history-important-figures-4133258 Addams, J. (1907). Newer Ideals of Peace. New York: The Chatauqua Press. Bergmann, B. (1986). The Economic Emergence of Women. New York: Basic Books, Inc. Engels, F. (1942). The Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State. New York: International Publishers. Gilman, C. P. (1898). Women and Economics. Boston, Small, Maynard & Company. Women & Politics Institute (2008). Homepage. Retrieved on 17 October 2008 from http://www.american.edu/spa/wpi/ Wright, F. (1973). Education. In Rossi, A. (ed.) The Feminist Papers. New York: Bantam Books, Inc.

Inside Scoop Lupe and Flavio Professor Ramos Blog

Inside Scoop Lupe and Flavio The story of â€Å"Bien Pretty† written by Sandra Cisneros in â€Å"Woman Hollering Creek† follows two characters, Lupe and Flavio, and how their indifferent paths intertwined and developed. Lupe is an artist while Flavio is a working exterminator and their journey began when Lupe needed some cockroaches to be killed. I will mainly focus on the development of Lupe and Flovaio’s relationship throughout the story and how it became so complex and ultimately failed. Lupe was always fixated on her past, particularly, her Mexican past. This essay will cover how Lupe’s failed relationship with Flavio, from the cultural differences and prejudice between the two, in order to embody her â€Å"Mexican† cultural background, ultimately helped her find the identity she yearned. The first scene that I wanted to cover was the moment Lupe thought Flavio could be just the guy to represent Prince Popo, following it up by describing the key features as to why she thinks he is the one to portray the Prince (Cisneros 144). A key moment to highlight in this scene or encounter in the story is that Lupe was interested in Flavio, not by his physical attraction, but by how greatly he portrays Prince Popo. Lupe seems to imply Flavio as a mere tool she could possibly use for her sake. As Lupe said follows up by asking blatantly â€Å"I need models† and that Flavio would be good for the task as he has a â€Å"wonderful. Face.† (144). This further proves that she was, at first, attracted by Flavio because of how she can benefit from him helping her. They soon meet later on in a local laundromat called the Kwik Wash, and Lupe continues to emphasize that she is a painter towards Flavio, but he counters and says â€Å"in reality I am a poet† and follows up by stating that the poems were there not fill the stomach but were there to fulfill Flavio’s desire to pursue with poems. The second scene that I wanted to talk about is the interaction between Flavio and Lupe when he told his story of his grandma and Fito. Flavio told his grandma’s of broken love between Fito only to compare it to the concept of yin and yang. Flavio explains how the yin that would represent earth and that of the females while yang that would represent heaven and that of the males and how you cannot one without the otherwise you are out of the balance (149). This highlights and probably helps the audience know where Flavio’s ideas stand in terms of looking at the interactions of a couple look like. But this story quickly came to a close when Lupe intervened and blurted out how in this day and age is the time to let go of the present in order to go back to the past and search for it (149). In the same page, it also highlights where Lupe stands in terms of finding a life purpose. Lupe seemed to always focus on her past and tries to share that once we find out of our past we will have found our destinies in life (149). One major scene that accentuates Lupe’s desire to find the past of herself is when Flavio came over for dinner and talked about performing pure tango. Flavio got up and gave Lupe dancing lessons, explaining all the types of dances he knows of, only to be interrupted by Lupe’s comment asking â€Å"Don’t you know any indigenous dances?† to Flavio (151). This annoys Flavio because it implies that he does not have what Lupe is looking for. Flavio was also having a moment only for it to be ruined by Lupe and her questioning and implying if Flavio was even Mexican by asking him that. The argument between the two only worsens from here. Lupe addresses Flavio as a product of American imperialism (151). This is a direct blow into Flavio’s face as she indirectly claims that he is not an actual Mexican, which in turn, discredits Lupe entirely. But she explains that dancing with Flavio would make her feel Mexican at that moment and all she wanted was to feel th at way from the start. It is revealed that Lupe feels a disconnect between herself and her Mexican background. But the final couple scenes that will be covered on really take the relationship to their demise. Eventually, Lupe and Flavio make love to each other, but Lupe added on that she made love â€Å"in Spanish† and she would go as far as to say Flavio is a true â€Å"[sign] of a native speaker† (153). Lupes desire to feel and embody becoming a Mexican is looking worse and defends her point because of one phrase Flavio says whenever he would hurt himself, instead of expressing pain by saying â€Å"ouch!†, but saying â€Å"Ay!† gave Lupe enough information to classify Flavio as an authentic Mexican. This was also a major turning point between the two of them. Lupe expresses her feelings to the audience that, at first, Lupe stated â€Å"Flavio was just Flavio†, but now it is much more than that to Lupe (154). Lupe, who at first saw Flavio as her stepping stone into trying to find her past, now sees him in a new light. Lupe actually starts falling in love fo r Flavio and admits that this is different from the relationship she had with Eddie. During a breakfast, Flavio announces to Lupe that he needs to leave and it is revealed that Flavio has two more women along with 7 children. Flavio tried to give Lupe cold comfort by explaining his ideology of loving other women, stating â€Å"Loving one person doesnt take away from loving another person† (156). This scene, in particular, helps the reader understand how Flavio thinks about a woman. In his eyes, he defends himself by saying that his love for Lupe is not in correlation with his love with the other two girls. In many, this could imply Flavio’s potential attitude towards women and how desensitized he is about it. Taking this outside the book, statistics show in their survey of participants ranging from various ages, over 60% have admitted to keeping at least one secret from their partner at some point in time (Whitbourne). On average it seems almost normal for someone to k eep a secret. In the story’s case, several were kept from Lupe. The story of Bien Pretty showcased many developmental stages between Lupe and Flavio’s relationship. The story ends off with Lupe re-doing her painting of the Prince and the Princess, supposedly switching the positions of the two figures, having the prince lay back while the princess standing over him (163). This final message could most likely symbolize her triumph of looking into her past and also moving on from the boy whom she attempted to use in order for her personal gains. In the end, she finds her true self and what it takes to be Mexican is really to be yourself. This story heavily used the elements of symbolism to represent major turning points throughout the couple’s relationship. From how they first met and what Lupe’s intention was with Flavio was to how she felt after despite their ideals constantly clashing against each other. In short, in the end, Lupe was able to find what she yearned for the entire story which was finding the Mexican background of herself. Work Cited Cisneros, Sandra. Woman Hollering Creek. Bloomsbury, 2004. Whitbourne, Susan Krauss. â€Å"Why We Keep Secrets From Our Partners.† Psychology Today, Sussex Publishers, 10 June 2014, psychologytoday.com/us/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201406/why-we-keep-secrets-our-partners.

Describe how the debate concerning human origins began, how new Essay

Describe how the debate concerning human origins began, how new descoveries added to the debate, and explain how you see the argument concerning our human origi - Essay Example against those that support creationism, a religious-based belief that attributes the creation of Earth, humanity and the universe to a God or deity (Hayward, 1998). The creation versus evolution debate is most prevalent in the conservative regions of the United States, where Creationism is believed to have strengthened after World War I as a consequence of stories that became popular at the time and told of the German aggression being a result of their belief in the concept of "survival of the fittest" introduced by Charles Darwin (Numbers and Coleman, 2007). After this, the situation worsened in many cases when several US states passed laws against the teaching of evolution in public schools and others went a step further by introducing the teaching of creationism instead. It is so that the study of evolution was not included until the late 1960s in textbooks of many US sates. Even during the 1980s, creationism was quite prevalent in certain states (Arkansas and Louisiana), where creationism and evolution obtained equal teaching time in public shools' curricula. This seriously opposes the separation between State and Church recognized in the Constitution, which would avoid interference in each other's issues. The legislation passed for the teaching of creationism seriously contravenes the First Amendment, which states as follows: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof..." Consequently, in 1987 the Supreme Court declared this law illegal and an unconstitutional intrusion of religion in public schools. Paleoanthropology Evolution is supported by the study of paleoanthropology. Until the 19th century, the similarity between apes and humans had been sorely discussed and, based purely on morphological similarities, chimpanzees and gorillas were thought to be our closest relatives. In fact, some scientists of the time believed that humans and apes shared a common ancestor and that fossils of this ancestor would eventually be found in Africa. It was not, however, until the discovery of Neanderthal man in 1856 was made and Darwin published On the Origin of Species a few years later, that the concept of evolutionary theory was first introduced. A few years later, paleoanthropology, the discipline that studies ancient populations using fossil evidence in the form of petrified bones and foot prints, as well as the remains of tools and forms of habitation, began. Although there had been a series of minor findings in the 1830s, it was not until 1924 that the first remains of a hominid were discovered in Africa. The fossils were thought to be part of the skeleton of an Australopithecus africanus, a species with a small skull that contained a small but, contrary to those of apes, rounded brain, like that of a human. Additionally,

Micky McDivet Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Micky McDivet - Assignment Example and where the decision under consideration is that of the ALJ, two standards of review are commonly considered, namely: substantial evidence, and; de novo. A substantial evidence standard of review was defined in Richardson v Perales. 402 US 389, 401 (1971) as â€Å"such relevant evidence as a reasonable mind might accept as adequate to support a decision.† A reviewing court must set aside the decision of the trial court if it finds that the evidence used in supporting the decision lacks substance taking into account the evidence in the case’s record that opposed such findings (Universal Camera Corp v NLRB 340 US 474, 488 [1951]). In deciding whether evidence is substantial or not, the US Supreme Court in the Richardson case reminds appellate courts that is â€Å"more than a mere scintilla.† Five decided cases that made use of this standard are the following: A de novo standard of review is one where a â€Å"reviewing court makes an original appraisal of all the evidence to decide whether or not it believes [the conclusions of the trial court]† (Bose Corporation v Consumers Union of the US, Inc. 466 US 485, 514 [1984]). A de novo standard of review applies when there is an error of law (Kober v Apfel, 133 F.Supp.2d 868 [2001] or a mixed error of law and facts (Johnson v Employment Security, 112 Wn.2d 172 [1989]). This standard of review was used in the following cases: Any decision to elevate Mickey McDivet case must take into account the two standards of review, which the federal district courts commonly use in reviewing a case. The issues that an appealing party cites as basis for the appeal usually determine the standard that the court will use. An assignment of error of law, for example, will subject it to a de novo standard review and an assignment of error of fact on the part of the ALJ will subject it to a substantial evidence standard of review. An assignment of both types will create subject it to both

Business correspondence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Business correspondence - Essay Example Some of the issues include stress management and communication between the workers. The reduction of pressure on the employees is also suitable in the reduction of the probability of the harmful aspects happening within the business environment. The Mediatization process refers to the process of research especially in the media mediums with the aspect of being up to date with the dealings in the real world. The procedure is crucial in the construction industry in an instance of revolutionizing the industry. The management of any construction firm is thus in a need to study on a new architecture that the new world is demanding in an attempting of attaining an additional benefit in the construction market. The perspective is also the source of all innovations in the construction industry since there is a possible fusion of the various designs that are prevalent. On the other hand, the research of the media industry gives the management of the construction the most recent changes in the prices and thus planning becomes easy. The budgeting of every activity is made easy through the process of Mediatization. The other issue is the linking of the construction business with the commercial world. The aspect involves the marketing of the services that entail the construction sector. The perspective will enable the construction management to notify the world of the gap that exists in the market and the role the construction business has in solving the problem. The instance is thus the primary procedure that determines the sales of the construction industry. The construction management should, therefore, take into consideration the need to link with other commercial institutions such as advertising agents. Furthermore, the auxiliary services such as the banking industry and the insurance are essential to the construction company since they provide finance that makes the activities of the construction firm through investment. The safety education in

Reflection on Te Tiriti O Waitangi in Practice Setting

Reflection on Te Tiriti O Waitangi in Practice Setting Assessment Task 1 During my placement my coordinator and I had been practicing te tiriti o Waitangi in all aspect of service given to clients. It has four principles namely partnership means a written agreement between the client and the social worker through consenting contract in which the client allows the social worker to conduct consultation to gather information and disclose all relative information that will help in caring for the client. Protection means taking good care of one’s culture such as in te tiriti o Waitangi it is stated that maori have their ownj absolute sovereignty in term of their tonga relatively clients should be make aware of their own protection right that greatly serve their culture, traditions and customary practice allowing them express their feeling using their own language respecting them whatever their situation, providing gender appropriate social worker, and by giving privacy and confidentiality. Participation means involvement of nwhanau in all levels of care, consultation and in making of care plans. Also using Maori models of health such as te whare tapa wha which covers all the aspect of wellbeing namely hinegaro, wairua, tinana and whanau. Permission means allowing them to practice their own culture by giving them the right to speak te reo maori any time and providing them accessible service to health. Assessment Task 2 Context/Setting Individual/group Age group Summary of reason for admission to residential care L.J. young adult The client has committed several times of criminal offending and her family could not control him anymore. Meetings and Communication (related to admission process) Date Notes/key points of information provided to the residents We gave the client a brief information about the facility his going to stay for a brief time, also information about what his going to expect from us and the facility. Furthermore, we described the admitting process so he will be able to cooperate accordingly. The information that I gathered from the clients that determines his place of residence are the following spiritual beliefs, cultural and spiritual practices. I made sure that he can still observe his routines like attending church and perform cultural related acts such as karakia. I also gather information with regards to his health condition if there is any history of disease he has and medication he had been taken if there is any. His dietary requirements if there is limitation or required diet he should take any allergies to food, I made sure that in his placement he will still be able to eat their traditional food. I formation about his whanau and support people is the most important, I asked him some questions about his family background so that I know where to contact them for the progress of the client. Lastly I interviewed him about his hobbies and activities that his been doing before so that I can help him in pursuing it while his inside the facility or give him certain ac tivities that will help him divert his attention. First is that we made sure that his safety is prioritize in a way that he has a safe environment and away from people or things that triggers his aggressiveness. Second, we assessed him with regards to his health situation, any medication his taking also his education and social history. Third, we interviewed his whanau to gather significant information regarding their son’s behavior any gather information with regards to the reason of his offending acts. Lastly, we sort out the information gathered and determine the appropriate placement he needs that will suits his over all wellbeing. we made sure that all relevant information are gathered by having some time to talk with his peers, because we supposed that he is more close to his friends and more comfortable in telling their emotions rather than his parents, to know what are their social activities to determine the main reason of his acts. Assessment task 3 Contribution to planning for care of the resident Date Notes/key points of any meetings or other communication details of actions related to planning for the care of the resident Through meetings with his whanau we were able to gather relevant information of what they observe on their child that can affect his deeds. We also assessed and involved the client in making the plan. Factors that we considered during planning are the following his appropriateness of the service given by the facility, special needs that they can provide such as health needs if he has regular medication, educational necessities like enrolling for an alternative school, cultural needs wherein his given time to attend church to practice his customs and beliefs and making sure that his social needs are met like involving him in a community activities that suits his interest or hobbies. We also considered other agencies that could help on facilitating his rehabilitation such as CYFs. matching of the resident’s needs with the services provided by the residence, objectives of the plan, resources that are available to achieve the objectives of the plan, time frame that is consistent with the use of available resources, the roles and responsibilities of people in the plan, methods of evaluating progress. We made sure that the client and whanau are always involved in all levels of care in order to produce and promote effective care planning that suits his needs and desires while rehabilitating him. Assessment Task 4 Contributions to care of resident Date Notes/key points of any meetings or other communication, details of actions related to care of residents After planning we informed the client that the information that he gave to us during planning will reflect to the cares that will going to deliver. My roles and responsibilities for the client are to ensure the safety and wellbeing of the resident as their first consideration at all times. I was able to fulfil all their allocated responsibilities in accordance with the social worker’s role in the residential care plan such as assessing, planning, intervening, and evaluating. It is important to have an ongoing contact by the whanau throughout the stay of the client in the facility with accordance with the residents plan. Providing contact plan for the resident to know if the whanau comes during the desired day to visit. We facilitated the contact through regular visitation, telephone call if the family is unable to come personally and planned joint meetings with residential staff. Supervision and custodial care of the resident is carried out according to the plan and residential requirements such as secure environment and making sure that the family have a regular visit to the client. We also made sure that legislative requirements are followed, health and safety management is implemented and behavioural management is noted. As a healthcare provider I encourage self-determination through engaging the client in making the plan to fulfill their identified roles and take ownership of these roles. I made sure that I am promoting client’s self determination by outlining agency’s objectives and appropriate legislation. Notifying client and whanau regarding the restrictions and extent of the meeting and allowing them to identify the best options. Mostly, working collaboratively with the family to discover a focus where agency mandate and whanau choices aren’t aligning. We discourage dependency through providing enough room for the family to create their own possible solutions and we also step aside in order for them to step up. During decision making we made sure that all his cultural beliefs and values are given importance. Moreover, care given to him are always based on their customs and in accordance of the te tiriti o Waitangi. Assessment Task 5 Contribution to evaluation of residential care plan Date Notes/key points related to the evaluation of the resident care plan After all the interventions and cares done to the client we are required to have an evaluation. We informed the client about his progress and update about the evaluation process to be done that will determine his objectives are met. I monitored my client’s progress through confirming his safety and wellbeing. I reviewed his daily care plan to know the outcomes related to the achievement of objectives and to know if there are any further options that can be identified. I did a completion of checklist wherein I reviewed his objectives and tick the list of implemented actions that was successfully done and kept accurate records of conversation and meetings. Also regular check of hi placement wether it is secured and safe from triggers like addiction and bad peers. Regarding his wellbeing we made sure that he is regularly checked up by the GP and make sure that all his medication are taken regularly and not lapsing tom cure his current mental illness. Making sure that he is attending the alternative school placement and he keeping his curfew. Secured his information and made sure that only necessary people can access his file and kept his confidentiality by not disclosing the information that I know from people who are not relevant or helpful in his situation. Health and Safety Act 1992 it is relevant because it contains all the important rights of the client on what he can expect from his healthcare provider or social worker. This legislation is helpful in dealing with my client because I know where to based my actions and decisions to make sure that all of it are right and relevant to the outcome for the client.

Panic Essay -- Personal Narrative Writing

Panic We loaded up the car and headed out to Route 30. I had made this trip several times before, but this time it was one way. I had been excited to—as I saw it—get on with my life, but this day I was feeling less than enthusiastic. I figured it was the hassle of moving: this would be the second time my parents and I had transferred my things from home to a dorm room. This time my sister was along to lend a hand. We finally pulled up to the institutional-style brick building that was to be my home for the next three years. The August weather was typically hot and humid, but looking at the dormitory’s stark exterior, I suddenly felt a chill. As we entered the stuffy structure—it had no air conditioning—all my thoughts became focused on the many trips we would have to make up and down the three flights of stairs. Once a sufficient number of boxes were in the small room, I began to unpack while my father made the remaining trips to the car. As I arranged my new personal space, I forgot any reservations and actually became rather energized. My roommate had not yet arrived, and my sister and I joked and laughed while we hung photographs and relived the events they depicted. When the mysterious roommate finally made her entrance, the room fell silent. I have never been comfortable with new people, and we were from such different backgrounds that I could find no commonality to unite us immediately. It would simply take time, I had decided, and that was something of which I assumed we had plenty. Since I was almost done with my side of the room, and my roommate and her parents were not exactly chatty, my family and I decided to go out for dinner before they made the return trip. We went to a nearby restaurant, though we di... ... to the sink, but I could not bring myself to look in the mirror. I washed my face again, sipped some water from my cupped hand, and shakily returned to my room. At some point in my stupor, I had decided to call my mother at six o’clock, when I knew she would be waking up for work. I found my phone card and made another trip to the end of the hall, this time to the pay phone. I felt so low I could have been slithering across the floor. I had to tell her exactly what I had just been through, and that she had been right: I was not ready to go away again. I would have to return home with my tail between my legs and face something that I had always had trouble admitting: I needed help. I never wanted to spend another night like the one I had just endured. At the time, I still had no idea what had happened to me, but I will never forget that first and worst panic attack.

A Comparative Girl Jamaica Kincaid Analysis of Two Short Stories

The short stories The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Gilman and Girl by Jamaica Kincaid share the common theme of women who are portrayed as frail beings.   In both literary selections, women are depicted as dependent on men and other family members, and who must deal with so many restrictions.Their limitations are deliberately foisted on them by their immediate kin or spouse. On the other hand, the women portrayed in the short stories also hurdle challenges they themselves have created or brought upon themselves.In The Yellow Wallpaper, for example, the author presents the protagonist as weak or on the brink of a nervous breakdown. In the beginning of the story, when the protagonist is brought to a country home, she appears in control of her mental faculties.She even opines, â€Å"Personally, I believe that congenial work, with excitement and change, would do me good† (Gilman, 2008, p. 2).   Her husband, however, confines her to the upper story of the house and prohibits, albeit in his loving and gentle manner, anything that may tax her mentally. The woman’s craving for social interaction and stimulus becomes more pronounced as the days pass, yet she allows her husband to direct all her actions.The woman’s   dismal future is reflected in the way she sees the wallpaper in the house where she is confined to recuperate: â€Å"It is a dull yet lurid orange in some places, a sickly sulphur tint in other† (Gilman, 2008, p. 5).The woman then begins to imagine things and becomes neurotic. This emphasizes how, when placed under repressive circumstances, the fairer gender may fall apart. In an ironic twist at the end of the story, though, the husband’s fainting spell and the woman’s movement of creeping over him denotes that women can have the upper hand over her male counterpart if she wills it.The other literary selection, Girl, Jamaica Kincaid, likewise illustrates how women are expected to follow so many rules and confo rm to what tradition and society dictate. Just like in The Yellow Wallpaper where the main character indicates a feeling of tiredness at being manipulated and repressed,   the protagonist in Girl who is a young girl receiving countless reminders answers back her mother for berating her every move, but ends up being castigated more.In The Yellow Wallpaper, the husband-wife relation is amiable. In fact, the husband has the best intention for his wife, but the worst harm results from it unknowingly sends her spiraling out of control by confining her. In contrast, Girl uses the mother-daughter tandem to illustrate the common practice adopted by most cultures of ingraining good manners, blind obedience, and prescribed roles to female members of the family.In Kincaid’s Girl, the daughter is admonished by her mother to move and behave in ladylike manner. Her movements – from the way she walks and carries herself, to the household chores she is expected to perform, to how to smile to certain people, to reacting to a man’s bullying and even   loving a man – are all dictated to her.Offhand, it is a typical scene of a mother giving numerous pieces of advice to her daughter, but the story presents the parent treating the young girl with a condescending attitude.   The mother keeps interjecting that the girl is bound to become the slut she is â€Å"so bent on becoming† (Kincaid, 2005, p. 257) if the proper rules of conduct and self-control are not followed.In a sense, the mother portrayed in the story is depicted as the judgmental type who does not allow her daughter free creative expression. Kincaid dwells on the singular theme of just how powerless women were centuries ago.Women back then had no voice of their own and were confined to doing traditional tasks like keeping the home neat and orderly and being prim and proper or acting in a refined manner.   In both Girl and The Yellow Wallpaper, the suppressive societal attitude to wards women of a bygone era – who are seen as meek and subservient individuals unable to chart their own destinies – is clearly presented.Upon closer analysis of two different selections, readers find authors employing a variety of creative techniques that help them dissect different perspectives and gain much clearer understanding of the theme and other   key messages.ReferencesGilman, C. (2008). The yellow wallpaper. Forgotten Books. Retrieved May 3, 2010, from http://www.amazon.com/Yellow-Wallpaper-Forgotten-Books/dp/1606802380.Kincaid, J. (2005). Girl.   In   X.J. Kennedy & D. Gioia (Eds.), Backpack literature: an introduction to fiction, poetry & drama (p. 257). Pennsylvania: Pearson/Longman.   

Literacy Strategies to Use in Lessons for Struggling Readers

Literacy Strategies to Use in Lessons for Struggling Readers In many districts, students with reading difficulties are identified in the primary grades so that remediation and support can be given as early as possible. But there are struggling students who may need support in reading throughout their academic careers. There may be struggling readers who have entered a district in the later grades when the texts are more complex and the support services less available. Extended remediation for these groups of struggling readers can be less effective if the strategies that are chosen limit a students creativity or choice. Remediation with structured lessons that repeat the same material will result in less content covered by the students. So what strategies can the classroom teacher use to teach these struggling students who cannot read to access the content? When a text is critically important, teachers need to be purposeful in selecting literacy strategies for a content lesson that prepares struggling readers for success. They need to weigh what they know about the students with the most important ideas in the text or content. For example, a teacher may determine that students need to make inferences from a fiction text to understand a character or that students need to understand how a map illustrates how rivers are important to settlement. The teacher needs to consider what all students in the class could use in order to be successful and then balance that decision with the needs of the struggling reader. The first step could be to use an opening activity where all students can be engaged successfully. Successful starters An anticipation guide is a lesson opening strategy meant to activate the students prior knowledge. Struggling students, however, may lack prior knowledge, particularly in the area of vocabulary. The anticipation guide as a starter for struggling readers is also meant to build interest and excitement about a topic and give all students an opportunity for success. Another literacy strategy starter could be a text that all students, regardless of ability, can access. The text must be related to the topic or objective and can be a picture, an audio recording or a video clip. For example, if inferences are the objective of a lesson, students may fill in thought bubbles on photos of people in response to What is this person thinking? Allowing all students access to a common text that has been selected for equal use by all students for the lessons objective is not a remediation activity or a modification.   Prepare vocabulary In designing any lesson, a teacher must select the vocabulary that is necessary for all students to meet the goal for the lessons objective rather than attempt to try to fill in all the gaps in prior knowledge or ability. For example, if the objective of a lesson is to have all students understand that a rivers location is important developing a settlement, then all students will need to become familiar with content specific terms such as port, mouth, and bank. As each of these words has multiple meanings, a teacher can  develop pre-reading activities to familiarize all students before reading. Activities can be developed for vocabulary such as these three different definitions for  bank: The land alongside or sloping down to a river or lakeAn institution for receiving, lendingTo  tip  or  incline  an  airplane Another literacy strategy comes from the research that suggests that older struggling readers can be more successful if high-frequency words are combined in phrases rather than isolated words.  The struggling readers  can practice words from Frys high-frequency words if they are purposefully placed for meaning placed into the phrases, such as a hundred ships  pulled  (from Frys 4th 100-word  list). Such phrases can be read aloud for accuracy and fluency as part of a vocabulary activity that is based in a disciplines content. In addition, a literacy strategy for struggling readers comes from Suzy Pepper Rollins book Learning in the Fast Lane.  She introduces the idea of TIP charts, used to introduce a lessons vocabulary. Students may have access to these charts that are set up in three columns: Terms (T) Information (I) and Pictures (P). Students can use these TIP charts to increase their ability to engage in accountable talk in expressing their understanding or summarizing the reading. Such talk can help develop the speaking and listening  skills of struggling readers.   Read aloud A text can be read aloud to students at any grade level. The sound of a human voice reading a text may be one of the best ways to help struggling readers develop an ear for language. Reading aloud is modeling, and students can make meaning from someones phrasing and intonation when reading a text. Modeling good reading helps all students while it provides access to the text being used. Reading aloud to students should also include think-aloud or interactive elements. Teachers should focus intentionally on the meaning â€Å"within the text,† â€Å"about the text,† and â€Å"beyond the text†   as they read. This kind of interactive read aloud means stopping to ask questions to check for understanding and allowing students to discuss meaning with partners. After listening to a read aloud, struggling readers can contribute the same as their peers in a read-aloud.   Illustrate understanding When possible, all students should have the opportunity to draw their understanding. Teachers can ask all students to summarize the lessons â€Å"big idea† or major concept can be summarized. Struggling students can share and explain their image with a partner, in a small group, or in a gallery walk.They may draw in different ways: To add to a pictureTo create an original pictureTo draw and label a pictureTo draw and to annotate a picture Literacy strategy matches objective Strategies used to support struggling readers should be tied to the lessons objective. If the lesson objective making inferences from a fiction text, then a repeated read aloud  of the text or selection of the text can help struggling readers to determine the best evidence to support their understanding. If the lesson objective is explaining the impact of rivers on developing a  settlement, then vocabulary strategies will provide struggling readers with the terms needed to explain their understanding.   Rather than try to address all of the needs of a struggling reader through modification of remediation, teachers can be purposeful in lesson design and selective in their choice of strategy,   using them individually or in a sequence:   starter activity, vocabulary prep, read-aloud, illustrate. Teachers can plan  each content lesson to offer access to a common text for all students. When struggling readers are given the chance to participate, their engagement and their motivation will increase, perhaps even more than when traditional remediation is used.

An Online MBA †On My List, Part II Essays

An Online MBA – On My List, Part II Essays An Online MBA – On My List, Part II Essay An Online MBA – On My List, Part II Essay In the last post I talked about the truly horrible experience of losing my very best friend to cancer at the age of 40. She was such a lover of life that she was almost our hub of energy and when she passed away it was like a light went out for good. I could have very easily wallowed in my grief for years to come but instead I chose to honor her life by stepping outside my comfort zone and taking some of her lessons to heart. She was never one to sit around waiting for things to happen; if she wanted something she went after it completely and totally. This was what motivated me to change the way in which I saw the world, change my behavior, and go after what I wanted now instead of later. Part of what I did during this time was throwing myself into finding more information about returning to school – something that I had long wanted to do. I had always wanted to go back and get my MBA but I couldn’t figure out a way that I would be able to make it all work. So I took a page from my friend’s book and I committed myself to finding a way no matter what. I didn’t have to do much research before I found the information I was looking for – the online MBA program. An online MBA program would allow me to juggle my job, my family, and the responsibilities of school because I would be able to do all of my school work and attend all of my lessons from home. I was pleasantly surprised to learn how much was available in the online programs out there. The online MBA program was not the only thing available – there was the online IT degree program, nonprofit management program, online business degree program, and much, much more.

How the banking industry has been affected by online banking Dissertation

How the banking industry has been affected by online banking - Dissertation Example Telecommunication systems and technologies help the bank to reach customers and provide them with not only general information but also the opportunity to perform interactive services of offline banking transactions like payment, receipts and transfer of funds (Aladwani, 2001). However Sullivan (2002) is critical of the technology and advises the banks that adopt internet banking to develop different methods of conducting business and speculates that internet will destroy old models and concepts of banking and will have profound influence on the banking industry. Online banking though offers variety of services resulting in better customer satisfaction giving personal experience (Karjaluoto, et al, 2002), it is often accompanied by risk factors which is why there is a need to carry out a research to study how the online banking has affected the banking industry. Background Traditionally banks used the internet to provide general information about the banks, services offered and other information to the customers. The incredible growth of internet has changed the way banking was processed with the entry of virtual banks like Compubank and Net.B@nk, providing customers with financial services over the internet and low cost or no fees as these banks do not have branches thus reducing the operating and fixed costs by replacing employees with technology (Jun and Cai, 2001). In order to sustain their competitiveness in the market, the traditional banks went online in order to provide better customer service, allow the customer access the services from the internet, make payment, receive and transfer funds online without standing in queue. According to a June 2006 study by the Pew Internet and American Life Project, 43 percent of internet users or about 63 percent of American adults bank online (Patton, 2006). Online banking allows 24/7 customer service, borderless transactions, speedy service, effective banking transaction assisted with more sophisticated tools and s ervices providing optimum security (Magoon and Vasisth, 2006). According to Plunkett (2008) companies that offer ATMs, physical branches and online services find the combination to be very effective as it costs a great deal less to service a customer who primarily relies on online services to manage accounts and ATMs to withdraw cash. Consumers who use online services seem to be educated, have large bank balances, better credit ratings and create higher levels of profits than customers who opt for traditional banking, the view which is also agreed and found by Sullivan (2000) that bank can generate a large number of Internet transaction if it has sizeable customer base. However, Plunkett (2008) states that maintaining accounts security are the major challenge to online banking as they have often been subject to attacks by hackers, scam artists and virus writers. It is further stated that success in online banking seems to be dependent on physical locations as consumers still wanted a branch to solve their queries. In a study carried out by Rose (cited in Jun and Cai, 2001), it was found that most of the banks, evaluated for service quality, showed an unsatisfactory level of service and argued that online banking has become complicated which may cause many problem than it can solve. Various studies

Future of Print media and impact of online journalism in the UK Dissertation

Future of Print media and impact of online journalism in the UK - Dissertation Example This essay discusses that in the modern world online sources of media and entertainment has been highly significant in respect to development of the process of spreading news and information across countries. Although popularity of hard copies of newspapers are still at very high level, large section of people in the world are investing significant time of their daily routine in reading newspapers online. In the United Kingdom, large number of people is shifting their choice towards reading online newspapers. The habit of reading online newspapers is also helping professionals and students to increase their knowledge about what is happening at present all over the world. Improvements in technology are also encouraging people to use online sources of media and news in comparison with hard copies of newspapers. Hence, newspaper companies are also shifting their production structure away from hard copies of newspapers. This shift in the production process is increasing the profit earnin g ability of business organisations and is also reducing the time required by newspaper readers in respect to spending time in other works. Also the increased share of the total market consisting of newspaper readers is also getting reduced in the UK at slow speed. Online journalism is considered as one of the most important concepts in modern system of spreading knowledge and information and updating news across the globe. In modern system of journalism, online journalism is the most crucial concept essentially popularised for speed and efficiency. In businesses where

Fall Prevention Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Fall Prevention - Research Paper Example This paper stresses that participation of more people, proper detailing of the evidence-based model and enhancing ongoing communications are the important steps in change management practice. These can increase the quality of service received by patients and family members. These steps can enhance the organizations’ working standards and provide optimum quality service that can reduce the chances of patient fall. Orientation tour along with fall prevention education helps to lower the chances of the risks involved in acute confusions. The author approves that the evidence-based model should be successfully applied by nurses because it can help in a variety of settings. The management should have long-term and short-term orientation plan. Continuity in the process of staff training on fall prevention and implementation of proper modules for orientation tour can definitely overcome the challenges of falls in the next 2-3 years on short-term basis. On long-term basis, the managem ent of hospital should try to expand the facility of care. This report makes a conclusion that it can be concluded that orientation tour with fall prevention education is essential for healthcare organizations. The increase of fall rate has also increased the expense of hospitals. The idea of educating patients and family members provides perfect outcome in reduction of fall rate through the implementation of Rosswurm & Larabee’s change model. Surveys opted by nurse and managers have tremendous effect on smooth running of the new evidence-based change model. Hence it can be said that orientation tour along with fall prevention education for family members and patients can lower the rate of falls of patients in long term care.

Rhino Poaching facts Essay Example for Free

Rhino Poaching facts Essay A total of 158 rhino have been poached since the beginning of the year. In the Kruger National Park, 116 rhino had been poached, the department of environmental affairs said in a statement. Thirteen were poached in North West, 12 in KwaZulu-Natal, nine in Mpumalanga and eight in Limpopo. Sixty-one people had been arrested: 38 of them alleged poachers and three alleged couriers, the department said. In the past week, two poachers were arrested in the KNP. Nine people had also been arrested at a game farm near Lephalale, in Limpopo, in connection with a rhino poaching incident on March 10. Over 630 rhino were killed by poachers in 2012. Rhino poaching debilitates the being of the rhinoceros. At present, the black rhinoceros is recorded as basically endangered, and the white rhinoceros is recorded as close endangered. Expanded levels of poaching are prodding the rhino closer and closer to eradication. Number of inhabitants in the dark rhino is presently bound at 4,840, while the white rhino is assessed to be near 20,000. Developing interest and costs for rhinoceros horn are driving poaching levels up. Different techniques are utilized to attempt and avoid rhino from falling prey to poachers yet the butcher and damaging of this jeopardized species proceeds unabated. The rhinos bear a certain measure of anxiety in the dehorning activity and once their horn has been evacuated, they no longer have that defense component. On the account of female rhinos, when they conceive a calf, they require the horn to encourage the baby rhino to its feet. The other hindrance of dehorning is that the horn develops back and the dehorning process must be rehashed on a general support all through the rhino’s lifetime. As a substitute for using cash on dehorning, we accept that the best and most financially savvy path to minimize the poaching and attempt to avoid the extinction of the species is to direct toxic substance to the horns. An agriculturist in South Africa finished this and he says the toxin, while savage to people, and has no impact on the rhino. This may appear to be an extraordinary measure yet the main route to counteract rhino poaching is to debilitate individuals from getting it and it would just need to be finished once to every rhino. Marks could be raised where rhinos are continued cautioning poachers that the horns are harmed. Warnings could additionally be issued through media fights worldwide and the saying might soon get around that utilization of rhino horn could demonstrate lethal The rhinoceros has an uncommon part inside its environment, and provided that it was to go terminated, different plants and creatures might endure. The rhino plays an exceptionally unique part because rhinos are mega-herbivores; they have an enormous effect on the environment. They smash ways through thick brush and woodland and clear a path for different creatures. Their waste enhances soil nourishment and structure, and holds seed that can sprout it claim instant heap of compost. They additionally burrow to make wallows; securing pools of water profiting different. Reference: http://www.environment.co.za/wildlife-endangered-species/rhino-poaching-in-south-africa.html, Published on: May 3, 2013 Impact of rhino poaching on the environment: 1. Rhino poaching often leaves baby rhinos to die or unborn rhino fetuses to never be born as it is often pregnant or nursing mothers who are poached. This affects the rhino population. 2. As large herbivores searching for more plants to eat, rhinos often charge through bushes and trees and make new paths for other animals so that they, too, can access food. Without the role of the rhino, animals have a harder time finding food. 3. The excrement of rhinos enriches the soil and its structure, ensuring that plants continue to grow in that area. Without their dung, soil fertility suffers. 4. Rhinos dig to creat esmall pools that collect water and help other animals like frogs and insects who use them to complete their life cycles. Without these wallows, other animal species suffer. 5. Rhinos are one of the animals that attracts tourists to the areas they live in. without the tourism dollars rhinos attract, conservation of the area is at risk.

Major Environmental Issues In Bhutan

Major Environmental Issues In Bhutan There are a lot of environment issues in Bhutan and the most detrimental issues among them are firewood collection, crop and flock protection, waste management and modern concerns such as industrial pollution, climate change that threatens Bhutans population and biodiversity. Land and Water use have also become a part of environmental concern in rural and urban areas.Air and noise pollution are also prevalent in urban centers. Land degradation, biodiversity and habitat loss, high fuel-wood consumption, and human-wildlife conflicts are some of Bhutans environmental challenges. The most affected ones are the poor people rather than politically empowered and richer ones. Environmental issues in Bhutan.(2012). In Wikipedia.Retrieved October 09,2012, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Bhutan In Bhutan, for bukharis(a steel oven), more than 10,184.22 cubic feet, i.e. 42 truckloads of firewood are burnt each day during the winter months in the Thimphu valley. On an average each household burns about 2.614 cubic feet of firewood every day. Thimphu ¿Ã‚ ½s annual consumption of firewood is approximately 916560 cubic feet. The burning of firewood causes high levels of pollution during winter mornings (National environment commission, NEC, 1999). The construction of traditional house mostly in rural areas done fully in wooden materials which requires a lot of wood requires more logging resulting in depletion of forests and degradation of forestland. Air pollution is an emerging issue in Bhutan resulting from increased urbanization and industrialization. Air pollution in cities is mainly caused by enormous number of vehicles. The vehicle population in the kingdom has grown by 14% in the last year, pushing the number from 14,206 to 16,335 with Thimphu and Phuntsholing having the largest number of vehicles (NEC,1999). In Thimphu, two-wheelers form about 45% of the total vehicles, while cars and jeeps account for about 35%, and buses, about 2% (MoP,1996).The increase in number of vehicles have led to more pollution which is harmful for the environment as well human health. According to (MOP,1996) Industrial activities in Bhutan have grown tremendously. The number of industries has gone up from 742 in 1990, to 4,394 in 1997.The small scale sector has grown 17 times during the same period. Mineral-based industries have grown faster in the last 20 years. The contribution of industrial sector to the GDP has gone up from 0.01% in 1982 to 3.2 % in 1992. Data relating to Cement industry states that, at present 4 cement plants are operating in Bhutan. Major pollutants namely particulate matter, fugitive emissions and gaseous pollutants are emitted from the operations of cement plants. In newspapers there are a lot of complaints by people relating to dust produced by the plants and the vehicles plying on it affecting the growth of their crops and their health. In Bhutan there are four chemical industries. These chemical industries produce calcium carbide, ferro silica, plaster of paris, rosin and turpentine and activated carbon. (TERI Shriram,1999)As a result, the disturbance to ambience and work zone emissions are the major problems. The principal pollutants are dust and particulate emissions. Various other gaseous emissions such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide also emanate from the chemical industry. Mining industry is also popular in Bhutan as it is rich in minerals. The major minerals mined are limestone, gypsum, coal, quartzite and dolomite. Most of these minerals are mined for domestic consumption and some for commercial especially to nearby Indian states. The major problems due to these mining industries are management of overburden and drilling waste, reclamation and runoff from mined areas, which cause soil erosion and air pollution. The urban population in Bhutan is increasing at a rate of 6.7% annually, more than double the national population growth rate of 3.1% per year (National Statistic Bureau, NSB, 2006).This rapid increase has resulted in unplanned urban development, slums, increase in consumption patterns and higher demands related to transport, energy and other infrastructure leading to various pollution problems. Climate change in Bhutan is a ramification of air pollution. Climate plays a role in the transmission of many infectious disease and some of them are among the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in developing countries.Deaths due to thermal stress; hypothermia and heat stroke, death/injury in floods, storms and drought and various diseases such as Diarrhoeal Diseases (Food and Water borne transmission), Influenza (Air-borne transmission), Dengue (Female Aedes mosquitoes), Meningococcal meningitis(Air borne transmission), Cholera(Food and Water borne transmission) affecting the human life are possible results of climate/weather change . Over the years, Bhutan has witnessed several Glacial Lake Outburst Floods (GLOF), flash floods and landslides that have washed away homes, paddy fields, damaged vital infrastructures and have resulted in deaths and these events could be related to climate or weather change Tshering and Sithey (1996) claims that Bursting of some lake in eastern Lunana, partial burst of lugge had destroyed part of punakha dzong, some lives dead, households affected, dry and pasture land washed, domestic animals washed away, reserved food grains lost, bridges washed away, temples and chortens destroyed and even caused health effects such as diseases related to safe drinking water, malnutrition, sanitation and hygiene. Flash floods and landslides are common during the monsoon period extending from May to August. It has caused about 100 hundred lives and damages worth in millions. Houses were either fully or partially damaged and wetland as well dry land washed away. Crops such as maize, paddy, oranges trees and potatoes were lost affecting the households. According to (National Environment Commission, NEC,2006) : Livestock rearing, especially of cattle, is a vital rural activity. The estimated cattle population of the country is more than 100,000 and the number is likely to increase along with human population. Grazing of this huge number, far beyond the carrying capacity, in forest areas, exerts a tremendous pressure on forestland with resultant degradation.  ¿Ã‚ ½Poaching in Bhutan is an environmental issue both within the kingdom and at its borders. Many species are poached for their alleged medicinal properties. Though protected within Bhutan, wildlife products including rhinoceros horn, tiger bones, musk and cordyceps command high prices outside the kingdom. ¿Ã‚ ½Although porous borders are blamed for trafficking in poached wildlife, some protected species such as cordyceps ¿Ã‚ ½have their own markets within Bhutan. Shifting cultivation is an age-old practice common to several parts of the country. With increases in population, more and more areas are being tapped for this practice. With the narrowing down of the fallow cycle due to paucity of arable lands, such practices do not allow a sufficient period for the natural processes of recuperation to repair the disturbed ecosystem resulting in erosion and fertility decline. (Ministry of Agriculture, MOA,1996), estimated a total area of 883 km2 under shifting cultivation in Bhutan. Thus, shifting cultivation is one of the significant contributing factors to forest degradation. However, the expansion of agriculture due to increases in population and the recent boom in horticulture is bringing more and more land for such use for which is not suitable. The situation is leading to encroachment into forest on one hand and degradation of land on the other. Ways to address the economic problems. The Royal Society for the Protection of Nature (RSPN): According to Phuentsho, N.(2009). It is Bhutans first and only private non profit organization with nation-wide operations. Since its foundation in 1987, the RSPN has promoted conservation, education, outreach, and sustainable development. In 2009, the RSPN reincorporated under the Civil Society Authority, and operates as a public benefit organization (PBO) under Bhutanese law. The RSPN is particularly active in protecting the Phobjika Valley (Wangdue Phodrang District), home to many endangered species such as the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis). This valley contains wildlife corridors connecting Jigme Singye Wangchuck National Park with other protected areas of Bhutan, However most of the area is not under official government protection. To meet environmental needs, RSPN staff runs projects to promote sustainable ecotourism, alternative energy, and gender equity. The organization had even outfitted more than two hundred homes, monasteries, and other buildings with solar photovoltaic panels, and provided Bhutanese women with solar water heaters, one-pot hole mud stoves, rain barrels, and other assets that improve both human and environmental conditions. Agriculture practise To address environmental issues, the government of Bhutan has banned certain practices with varying success. ¿Ã‚ ½Tsheri ¿Ã‚ ½agriculture, especially prevalent among Sharchops and Lhotshampas is a practice by which land is cleared and farmed intensively until it becomes unproductive and is thereafter left fallow. Since it is particularly environmentally harmful, the practice has been banned by the government since 1969. Bhutan imposed a ban on timber exports, though domestic timber harvesting remains heavily regulated under a network of foresters and road checkpoints. Ban on plastic bags Bhutan also prohibited plastic bags nationwide. The ban on plastic bags, however, has proven a daunting challenge in implementation and enforcement because of the practicality of lightweight airtight storage and a lack of feasible alternatives. The people are made to buy cotton bags and fines levied on those who undermine the norms. Five year plan Throughout Bhutan, dependence on firewood as a fuel source has been historically prevalent. Before hydroelectric power ¿Ã‚ ½and other modern energy sources became available, the source of fuel for heating, cooking, and lighting was nearly exclusively firewood. The provision of electricity, as well as better regulation of fuelwood collectors and more aggressive reforestation ¿Ã‚ ½projects was seen as a key factor in forest conservation. Because affordable electricity was not available throughout the country, the government established fuelwood plantations near villages to accommodate daily needs and to promote forest conservation. ¿Ã‚ ½Firewood harvesting and management remains one of Bhutans leading environmental challenges; the kingdom is one of the worlds leaders in firewood consumption.In order to make Bhutan self-sustaining and to improve its current ability to feed itself, a few prominent policy objectives that are being adopted during the Eighth Five Year. The Plans are as follows : Sustainable and balanced development of RNR for the enhancement of self-sufficiency and food security through an integrated systems approach within the national economy. Conservation of the unique natural and cultural heritage of the country and protection of the fragile mountain environment.To achieve the aforesaid policy objectives, the main strategies adopted are : Conceiving and implementing needs based research to increase production, conservation and efficient use of local resources. The role of the RNR research programme has been broadened to include input into policy development and monitoring technology to avoid inappropriate or harmful introduction and Enhancing the planning base for the sector and formulating an enabling regulatory framework. Wild life ¿Ã‚ ½ Protected wildlife had entered agricultural areas, trampling crops and killing livestock bringing huge losses to traditional farmers. The government has implemented an ¿Ã‚ ½insurance ¿Ã‚ ½scheme, began constructing solar powered ¿Ã‚ ½alarm fences, watch towers, search lights, and has provided fodder and salt licks ¿Ã‚ ½outside human settlement areas to encourage animals to stay away. ¿Ã‚ ½Bhutan has also sought assistance from the United Nations Development Programme in combating crop and livestock losses. Waste Disposal Memelakha waste disposal site in thimphu Bhutan In May 1993, Thimphu established a waste disposal site at Memelakha, developed by the Thimphu City Corporation (TCC) with assistance from the Danish government (DANIDA). It is currently the only landfill site in Bhutan. The site is situated about 12 km away from the city thereby eliminating any health hazards within the city area. TCC(Tashi commercial cooperation) is the sole agency responsible for the waste management within Thimphu municipality. Domestic waste is collected and managed by the respective city/municipal corporations,The waste management includes waste collection and disposal system without waste segregation at source. Other than informal waste pickers/scavengers and minor scrap dealers, no significant waste recycling plans were initiated. Whatever wastes that could be collected and transported by the waste pickers/dealers were traded across the border to India and Bangladesh. According to (Population and housing census of Bhutan, PHCB, 2005), Thimphu ¿Ã‚ ½s population was 79,185 and the daily waste collection was 36.7 tonnes for Thimphu . Daily, more than seven (7) trucks of waste is transported to the site according to the Royal Society for Protection of Nature (RSPN) ¿Ã‚ ½s survey in 2005.Thimphu ¿Ã‚ ½began a subsidized pilot project for sorting between biodegradable and non-biodegradable refuse. Thimphu municipal authorities also addressed the ubiquitous plastic in its refuse with a shredder for pet bottles to facilitate transport to recycling in India. The residents are informed to keep separate bins for biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste. Shop and house owners are compelled to place bins/containers alongside the shops n outside of houses in most dzongkhags and failing to do so are levied fines. Clean Bhutan project The ¿Ã‚ ½Clean Bhutan ¿Ã‚ ½project is a concerted effort of RSPN and various other relevant stakeholders using recommendations from the Solid Waste Management Policy Framework to bring about collaboration in addressing the urgent needs and identify measures to combat the increasing solid waste issues at individual, household, institution and community levels (Royal Society For Protection Of Nature [RSPN[, 2006). The campaign is subdivided into four components: ¿Ã‚ ½Launching with Awareness programs, Solidarity show, Development of Education and awareness material such as Posters, StickersNewspapers, Radio programs, TV programs an Integration into video/movie shows. Mobile advocacy visiting the dzongkhags ,Urban and rural areas. Physical Cleaning of the Nation through coordinated and public support clean up, research on alternative to garbage disposal facilities, suggesting alternatives to plastic bags, research dustbins and costing, management systems for urban and rural and the Organization would like to solicit support from members, individuals, communities and agencies in showing solidarity to the cause. The recent implementation of green tax of 20 percent for vehicles above 1,800cc and five percent below for the environment is a good cause which can be used for environment development. It will also help curb the problem of more imports of vehicle which can create a safe environment. Electric cars were axed out of taxes as it has no ill effects on the environment. The move of pedestrian day on june5th  ¿Ã‚ ½ world environment day on all Tuesdays from 8am to 6pm pushed by Five agencies namely: The National Environment commission Secretariat, Thimphu City Corporation, Road Safety and Transport Authority, Traffic Division and Bhutan Post to protect the environment, promoting human health and community interaction .All the people of Thimphu dzongkhag are compelled to walk or use bi-cycle and even electric cars allowed to ply in and around the city for schools, offices, for personal works. Police personals are stringent about the move and found at the junction of the city to implement the laws. General principles behind the national environment strategy of Bhutan National Environment Commission The national environment commission (NEC) is a high- level independent government organization of Bhutan and responsible to look after all the issues impacting the environment. Its high-level commission ensures it receive support from all other government bodies. The commission also studies the developmental impacts on the environment and aims to place control, norms and perks to the private/public sectors to achieve sustainable development through the judicious use of natural resources. The coordination of inter sectoral programmes, the implementation of policies and laws with regard to the environment is also another important mandate of the Commission. The NEC Secretariat plays a key role in promoting sound environmental policies and investments. This Secretariat is responsible for ensuring that the country follows a sustainable development path and that all projects be it public or private, take into consideration of the environmental aspects. The objective of the commission or its successive agencies is to implement the principles enshrined in this act. i.e. to Protect and promote a safe and healthy environment, Prevent ,control and decrease environmental harm and decrease pollution, Conserve and make sustainable use of resources, Through implementation of Environmental Assessment Act,2000, institutionalize the environmental assessment process as the main part of the development plans and to discuss and implement bilateral and multilateral environmental agreements. Introduction Bhutan ¿Ã‚ ½s age old tradition of living in harmony with nature supported by the decision of the parliament to maintain a minimum of sixty percent of country ¿Ã‚ ½s land under forest cover in perpetuity. Fourth king King Jigme Singye Wangchuk ¿Ã‚ ½s policy of  ¿Ã‚ ½Gross National Happiness ¿Ã‚ ½ which denotes sustainable development as an essential element. Bhutan ¿Ã‚ ½s homage for the international environment laws and agreeing to major international environment and sustainable development. Honour for the visionary aspirations of our beloved kings and to fore fathers for the passing of moral, cultural and ecological values to ensure sustainable socio-economic development. The National Environment Protection Act, 2007 It came into force on the 16th day of the 6th month of the Female Fire Pig Year of the Bhutanese calendar, corresponding to 31 July 2007 which extends to whole Bhutan.All other acts and policies governing the use of land, water, forest, minerals and other natural resources will be in agreement with this act. And provision of all existing laws relating to environment which disagrees with this act can no longer have any legal force. The purpose of this act. is to protect and conserve the environment by the National Environment Commission by implanting an effective system ,designation of competent authorities and constitution of other advisory committees, so as to independently regulate and promote sustainable development in an equitable manner. Environmental principles. The people and the government one after the other shall continue to strive to consider and adopt its developmental policies, plans and programs in harmony with the following environmental policies: The policy of fundamental right and duty states that every being has equal right to live in a safe and healthy environment but he even have to protect and promote the environment for the wellbeing of the country. The inter-generational equity says that it is the responsibility of the present generation to maintain and enhance the health, diversity and productivity of the environment for the well-being of future generations. The middle path strategy states that the natural resource such as air, water, biodiversity, soil, minerals, forest shall not be compromised for the economic development achieving the policy of sustainable development. According to Government ¿Ã‚ ½s Middle Path Strategy  ¿Ã‚ ½economic development and environmental conservation shall receive equal priority ¿Ã‚ ½. The precautionary principle compels any developmental activity taking place should be well planned and executed in harmony with the nature and must foresee its potential to overcome the damages. Any person using the natural resource from the environment or deriving economic benefits must ensure sustainable use and manage them well and their ecology. Making excuses at the time of environment damage to be managed later shall not be accepted. The principle or 3RsEach states that each and every activity shall be planned and made operational in ways causing the least possible change on the environment, with least jeopardy and minimize the consumption of raw materials and energy during construction, production, distribution and utilization at the best considering the principles of reduce, reuse and recycle and prevent or limit environmental impacts at first. The polluter pays principle obliges any person polluting the environment or causing harm to the ecology is liable to pay the cost for containment, avoidance, abatement, medical compensation, mitigation, remediation and restoration. The local government departments , institutions, persons, businesses and the organisation protecting the rules regarding environment must cooperate with each other. The uniformity of the system (environmental protection) shall be guaranteed by the government, state authorities, and the private sectors via appropriate policies, plans and Program such as environmental assessment processes, norms, incentives, fiscal policies and other instruments. The right to information policy allows every person the right to know about the state of the environment and all activities which are intended to do that could have adverse effects on the environment. The access to justice allows person to seek legal redress for any harm or that could cause negative effect to a person ¿Ã‚ ½s right of a safe and healthy environment. The sovereign rights principle states that the state has power over renewable and non-renewable natural resources within the limits of its national jurisdiction. The principle of payments for environment services states any person using or extracting natural resources shall be liable to pay for ecosystem m/environmental services. Examples of successes in protecting environment in Bhutan The implementation of pedestrian day on june5th (world environment day) on all Tuesdays from 8am to 6pm in the recent years to protect the environment by reducing pollution, promoting human health and community interaction have come up as a big success. The move was appreciated by many other dzongkhags and some evenhad implemented it albeit showdowns by many peoples. Implementation of green tax encourages people to buy environment friendly or electric cars as no taxes are levied on those because of no pollution being produced. It reduces the demand for motor vehicles due to high cost which eventually reduces environmental pollution. According to chophel, k. (2012) the NEC is being stringent by full time monitoring whether mining quarries are complying with the rules and by implementing corrective measures. They are also going to train private miners for better knowledge regarding mining that would cause less environmental damages. The RSPN protecting the Phobjika Valley (Wangdue Phodrang District), home to many endangered species such as the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) have led to increase in the number of such species that makes the country looks unique and aesthetic. The Memelakha waste disposal site in Thimphu has proved to be best method of waste management within Thimphu municipality and because of the success , the authorities have identified a landfill site in Phuntsholing similar to that in Thimphu and it is expected that this site will get developed shortly. Government has also identified landfill sites for 10 other urban centres. The process of logging which was detrimental to the environment is no longer prevalent. The government laws that penalize the offender helps maintain the forest cover. Bhutan imposed a ban on timber exports, though domestic timber harvesting remains heavily regulated under a network of foresters and road checkpoints. The government of Bhutan that had banned certain agriculture practices regarding to Tsheri ¿Ã‚ ½agriculture which is especially prevalent among Sharchops and Lhotshampas since 1969 has reduced the impact on environment and is such practices are rare to find in this modern times. The Clean Bhutan project of RSPN and various other relevant stakeholders to bring about collaboration in addressing the urgent needs and identify measures to combat the increasing solid waste issues at individual, household, institution and community levels has been a success. Most of the times it ¿Ã‚ ½s given in Bhutanese news papers and Bhutan Board Casting Service (BBS) that many people are lending their leisure time in helping collecting bio-degradable and non-biodegradable waste in and around city, at scared sites and prime places. The new policy of making the country clean and green in which every house owner and shopkeepers compelled to keep a waste/trash bin outside the house/shop and even cleaning the surroundings have come up as big success. Peoples failing to provide bins and found with dirty surroundings were levied fined by the respective authorities. Shortcomings in environment protection Four years ago, the country had initiated a measure with the intriguing acronym HEHE Helping our environment, health and economy ¿Ã‚ ½to be implemented in Sarpang. The move failed to sustain, and died after a few months. The increase in the number of vehicles has enormous effect on the ecology. The level of pollution emitted by those vehicles is tremendous and detrimental to not only to ecology but to the living beings. Albeit knowing the harmful effects of over-utilization of the natural environment , Human beings prefer development prime. They promote deforestation and construction of roads through the jungles to live a comfortable and easy life(easy transport of crops and vegetables). Bhutan being a developing country with most of its people illiterate unaware of consequences throw non-degradable waste such as papers, plastics and bottles in rivers, surroundings at ease that harms environment. In some parts of the country, people have to walk for 10 kilometres or more to fetch water because their water sources have dried up and some have access to water based on timings which keeps people disgruntled. The reasons they cite for water shortages are: More people than they used to have before i.e. overpopulation leading to environment problems and Landslides causing blockages and breakages. According to Chophel, k. (2012) lack of qualified manpower(professional miners),inspectors and operators in mining field is causing more devastation to environment and peoples complain of dust emissions from the factories and the gargantuan trucks plying on the road emitting lots of dust not only affects the environment but also the human health and growth of crops. References used for the assignment Jarbie (2012) ,In Wikipedia. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Bhutan Tshewang,D. (2010,march25).Japan ¿Ã‚ ½s qsp implementation report . Retrieved from http://www.env.go.jp/chemi/saicm/forum/100325/mat03-1.pdf National Environment Commision(n.d.).Principles of applicable to environmental protection. Retrieved from http://www.nec.gov.bt/legislation/NEPA%20_ENG.pdf Yeshey,P. (n.d.). MEMELAKHA WASTE DISPOSAL SITE IN THIMPHU, BHUTAN. Retrived from http://www.3rkh.net/3rkh/files/03%20MEMELAKHA%20WASTE%20DISPOSAL%20SITE,%20THIMPHU,%20BHUTAN.pdf Food And Ariculture Organization Of The United States (n.d.). Principles of applicable to environmental pritection. Retrieved from http://faolex.fao.org/docs/pdf/bhu78334E.pdf Gyeltshen,N. ( 2012, September 12). Green tax slashed to 20%.Retrieved from http://www.kuenselonline.com/2011/?p=33101, Batra,A. (June6,2012). Central Thimpu becomes pedestrian zone on World Environment Day. Retrieved from http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/tuesdays-are-pedestrians-day-out-bhutan